Voltage regulator


Introduction:
Voltage Regulator , usually having three legs, converts varying input voltage and produces a constant regulated output voltage. these are available in a any types of outputs. 

(As you know also that a voltage regulator is an electrical regulator that designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. A voltage regulator may be a simple "feed-forward" design or may include negative feed back control loops. It may use electronic components or an electromechanical mechanism depending on the design and it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.
In electronic voltage regulators such as in computer power supply where they stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements in the automobile alternators and central power station generator plants, the output of the plant control by voltage regulators .voltage regulators may be installed at a substation or along distribution lines of an electric power distribution system,  so that all customers  are receive steady voltage independent of how much power is drawn from the line. )


Voltage regulator , The most common part numbers start a with the numbers LM78 or LM79 and finish with two digits indicating the output voltage. The number 78 shows positive voltage and 79 negative one. 

The Voltage regulator 78XX series of voltage regulators are designed for positive input and the Voltage regulator 79XX series is designed for negative input.






  Example of Voltage Regulator (regulator):-

   (1) 5V DC Regulator Name: LM7805 or MC7805 
 
   (2) -5V DC Regulator Name: LM7905 or MC7905 
   (3)   6V DC Regulator Name: LM7806 or MC7806 
   (4) -9V DC Regulator Name: LM7909 or MC7909
        
The Voltage Regulator,   LM78XX series can handle up to 36 volts input and be advised that the power difference between the input and output appears as heat.  

As per a general rule the input voltage should be limited to 2 to 3 volts above the output voltage.  If the input voltage is  high (unnecessarily), the regulator will overheat. Unless sufficient heat dissipation is provided through heat sinking and the regulator will shut down.   

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